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Hydrogeochemical and statistical analysis of leachate-impacted groundwater in an urban landfill setting.

Pathan S, Sreedevi Pd, Arora T.

JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2026.105035 

Groundwater surrounding the Ghazipur landfill exhibits pronounced seasonal hydrochemical variability, with monsoonal recharge enhancing the redistribution of dissolved ions within the shallow aquifer. Hydrochemical facies, compositional data analysis (CoDA), and multivariate statistics indicate that landfill-derived salinity enrichment is the dominant control on groundwater chemistry, whereas nitrate reflects multiple localized contamination sources. Groundwater quality deterioration is concentrated in the downgradient southeastern sector, where monsoonal recharge promotes redistribution along contaminant the regional groundwater-flow direction. Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis confirmed that the principal hydrochemical patterns remained stable despite unequal seasonal sample sizes, indicating that the observed seasonal trends are statistically robust.

Fig: Kernel Density Estimation-based Spatial Trends of Groundwater Quality Deterioration in Monsoon 2023 in the vicinity of the Ghazipur Landfill.

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